ÖZET
Amaç:
Türkiye’de leishmaniasis, kutanöz leishmaniasis (KL) ve visseral leishmaniasis (VL) olmak üzere iki klinik formda görülür. KL ağırlıklı olarak Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu Anadolu ve Akdeniz Bölgesi’nin doğusunda bildirilirken VL hemen hemen tüm coğrafi bölgelerinde sporadik olarak görülmektedir. Kayseri ilinde hastalığın her iki klinik şekli onlarca yıldır kaydedilmiştir ancak bu alanda kum sineği faunası üzerine bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu sebeple Kayseri ilinde yaygın olarak bulunan kum sineklerinin tür kompozisyonu, popülasyon dinamikleri ve olası vektör türlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntemler:
KL ve VL olgularının son zamanlarda görüldüğü yerlere ilişkin veriler Sağlık Bakanlığı’ndan alınmış ve CDC ışık tuzakları kullanılarak farklı ilçelerde 14 lokaliteden kum sineği örnekleri toplanmıştır. Örnekler %70 etanol içinde laboratuvara getirilmiş ve türlerin morfolojik olarak teşhisleri mevcut teşhis anahtarları kullanılarak yapılmıştır.
Bulgular:
Toplamda 1,636 kum sineği toplanmıştır. Morfolojik tür teşhisinde Phlebotomus cinsine ait sekiz tür (P. perfiliewi s.l, P. halepensis, P. simici, P. major s.l, P. papatasi, P. tobbi, P. sergenti ve P. mascittii) ve Sergentomyia cinsine ait bir tür (S. dentata) teşhis edilmiştir. Tespit edilen türler arasında Adlerius (%54,58) alt cinsi üyeleri en baskın grubu oluşturken bunu Larroussius alt cinsi (%43,76) izlemiştir.
Sonuç:
Bu sonuçlara göre, ildeki kutanöz ve VL’nin muhtemel vektörleri sırasıyla Adlerius alt cinsine ait P. halepensis ve Larroussius alt cinsine ait P. perfiliewi olabilir.
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