ÖZET
Amaç:
Avrupa tavşanları (Lepus europaeus) pek çok ülkede bulunan ve doğal yaşamda insanlarla bağlantısı olan en önemli hayvan türlerinden biridir. Tavşanlar; Encephalitozoon cuniculi, Francisella tularensis, Toxoplasma gondii gibi birçok zoonotik hastalığı taşıdığı için halk sağlığı açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu tip enfeksiyonların yaygınlığını ve Türkiye’de tavşanların oluşturduğu potansiyel zoonotik riski göstermektir.
Yöntemler:
Kan örnekleri, tavşanlardan resmi av sezonunda toplanmıştır. Serum örnekleri; E. cuniculi için enzim bağlantılı immüno sorbent testi, T. gondii için Sabin-Feldman boya testi ve F. tularensis için ise mikroaglütinasyon testi kullanılarak, serolojik olarak incelenmiştir.
Bulgular:
Yapılan analiz sonucunda 42 tavşandan 1’inde (%2,4) E. cuniculi testi pozitif, 2’sinde (%4,8) T. gondii testi pozitif ve 1’inde (%2,4) F. tularensis testi pozitif olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç:
Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de ilk kez yabani tavşanlarda anti-T. gondii ve anti-E. cuniculi antikorları serolojik olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu ayrıca, tavşanlarda F. tularensis enfeksiyonunun seropozitifliği ile ilgili olarak bildirilen ilk çalışmadır. Çalışmada yer alan üç farklı zoonotik hastalığın sıklığı, diğer Avrupa ülkelerinde bildirilen bulgular ve diğer referanslı çalışmalarla da tutarlıdır.
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