Öz
Amaç
Köpek leishmaniasis’i (CanL) Akdeniz ülkelerinde önemli bir veteriner ve halk sağlığı sorunudur. Çalışma bölgesinde CanL ve vektör kum sinekleri yaygın olmasına rağmen, özel klinikler tarafından takip edilen standart tanı ve tedavi yöntemleri bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı (i) veteriner hekimler tarafından tercih edilen tedavi, teşhis ve kontrol önlemlerini araştırmak, (ii) uygulanan ilk adım teşhis testlerindeki farklılıkları karşılaştırmak ve (iii) CanL için rehber farklılıklarını belirlemektir.
Yöntemler
Çalışma, Ağustos 2017 ve 2019 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiş ve İzmir Veteriner İşleri Müdürlüğü’ne kayıtlı veteriner kliniklerine erişilebilir bir web bağlantısı dağıtılmıştır. Anket, yayınlanmış kılavuzlar ve çeşitli CanL kılavuzları takip edilerek hazırlanmış ve 13 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Toplam 103 veteriner hekim çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılarak anketi değerlendirmiştir.
Bulgular
Veteriner hekimlerin çoğu (n=99; %96,1) lokalize alopesinin CanL şüphesinde en sık görülen klinik bulgulardan biri olduğunu bildirirken, sadece dört veteriner hekim bu bulguyu CanL şüphesinde dikkate almamıştır. Alınan cevaplara göre, 41 veteriner hekim (%39,8) CanL şüphesi olan olgularda bu bulguyu sıklıkla, 49 veteriner hekim (%47,6) ara sıra ve dokuz veteriner hekim (%8,7) nadiren gözlemlemiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, klinisyenlerin az bir kısmının ileri tanı teknikleri kullandığını göstermektedir.
Sonuç
Sonuçlar, veteriner hekimlerin CanL ile mücadelede birleştirici bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, Avrupalı meslektaşları tarafından kullanılanlara kıyasla daha az gelişmiş teşhis yöntemlerinin tercih edilmesi, özellikle asemptomatik hastaların yetersiz şekilde tespit edilmesine neden olabileceği görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, hastalığın teşhisinde özel klinikler tarafından en çok kullanılan yöntem olan hızlı tanı testlerinin doğrulanması gerekmektedir. Ayrıca, hastalığın endemik olduğu bölgelerde hasta sahipleri ve veteriner hekimler arasında hastalık açısından farkındalığın artırılmasına ve Türkiye'de bildirimi zorunlu bir hastalık olarak kabul edilmesine ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Köpek, Leishmania, yönetim, Türkiye
Kaynakça
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