ABSTRACT
Objective:
Demodicosis is a Skin disease in humans caused by Demodex folliculorum (D. folliculorum) and Demodex brevis (D.brevis) mites. Demodex infestation is mostly located in sebaceous and meibomian glands in the hair follicles. The aim of this study was to determine the age and sex distribution of Demodex infestation in patients with blepharitis.
Methods:
Between 2011-2018, eyelashes from 335 patients with blepharitis, visual impairment or conjunctivitis attached to the cellophane tape were sent to the laboratory of Department of Medical Parasitology in Çukurova University Medical Faculty and were examined within 1 hour.
Results:
D. folliculorum was detected in 143 (42.6%) of the 335 patients. Of the patients in whom D. folliculorum was detected, 50 (35%) were female and 93 (65%) were male. The mean age of patients with D. folliculorum was 64.1 years and the mean age of patients without D. folliculorum was 52.7 years.
Conclusion:
In patients with blepharitis, the incidence of Demodex increases with age.
Keywords:
Blepharitis, Demodex, infestation
References
1Desch CE, Nutting WB. Morphology and functional anatomy of Demodex folliculoruji (SIMON) of man. Acarologia 1977;19:422-62.
2Rufli, T, Mumcuoğlu Y. The hair follicle mites D. folliculorum and D. brevis: biology and medical importance. Dermatologica 1981;162:1-11.
3Aycan ÖM. Demodex folliculorum ve D. brevis enfestasyonlarını etkileyen faktörler. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. 2008.
4Zhu M, Cheng C, Yi H, Lin L, Wu K. Quantitative Analysis of the Bacteriain Blepharitis With Demodex Infestation. Front Microbiol 2018;9;1719.
5Lacey N, Kavanagh K, Tseng SCG. Under the lash: Demodex mites in human diseases. Biochem (Lond) 2009;1;31:2-6.
6Yula E, Aycan ÖM, Atambay M, Doğanay S, Daldal N, Tuzcu EA. Blefarit Etiyolojisinde Demodex folliculorum ve D.brevis’in Onemi Nedir? Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2013;33:420-4.
7Özçelik S, Sümer Z, Değerli S, Özyazıcı G, Hayta SB, Akyol M, et al. Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliği Olan Hastalarda Demodex folliculorum Görülme Sıklığı. Türkiye Parazitol Derg. 2007;31:66-8.
8Aycan ÖM, Atambay M, Daldal N. Sağlıklı Kişilerin Kirpiklerinde Demodex folliculorum ve Demodex brevis Görülme Sıklığı. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2012;18;57-60.
9Emre S, Aycan ÖM, Atambay M, Bilak Ş, Konuşan İ, Doğanay S, et al. Kronik Blefarit Hastalarında Demodex folliculorum Görülme Sıklığı. Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol 2008;17:178-81.
10Türk M, Öztürk I, Şener AG, Küçükbay S, Afşar İ, Maden A. Comparison of Incidence of Demodex folliculorum on the Eyelash Follicule in Normal People and Blepharitis Patients. Türkiye Parazitol Derg 2007;31:296-7.
11Zhong J, Tan Y, Li S, Peng L, Wang B, Deng Y, et al. The Prevalence of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis in Cylindrical Dandruff Patients. Journal of Ophthalmology 2019; https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8949683
12Zhao YE, Guo N, Wu LP. The effect of temperature on the viability of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis. Parasitol Res 2009;105-1623.
13Wesolowska M, Knysz B, Reich A, Blazejewska D, Czarnecki M, Gladysz A, et al. Prevalence of Demodex spp. in eyelash follicles in different populations. Arch Med Sci 2014;10:319-24.
14Zeytun E, Karakurt Y. Prevalence and Load of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis (Acari: Demodicidae) in Patients With Chronic Blepharitis in the Province of Erzincan, Turkey. J Med Entomol 2019;56:2-9.
15Murphy O, O’Dwyer V, Lloyd-McKernan A. Ocular Demodex folliculorum: prevalence and associated symptoms in an Irish population. Int Ophthalmol 2018;39:405-17.
16Biernat MM, Rusiecka-Ziołkowska J, Piątkowska E, Helemejko I, Biernat P, Gosciniak G. Occurrence of Demodex species in patients with blepharitis and in healthy individuals: a 10-year observational study. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2018;62:628-33.
17Sedzikowska A, Oseka M, Skopinski P. The impact of age, sex, blepharitis, rosacea and rheumatoid arthritis on Demodex mite infection. Arch Med Sci 2018;353-6.
18İnceboz T, Yaman A, Över L, Öztürk AT, Akısu Ç. Diagnosis and Treatment of Demodectic Blepharitis. Türkiye Parazitol Derg 2009;33:32-6.
19Liang L, Safran S, Gao Y, Sheha H, Raju VK, Tseng SC. Ocular demodicosis as a potential cause of pediatric blepharoconjunctivitis. Cornea 2010; 29:1386-91.