A Dangerous Relationship: A Case of Imported <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi Coinfection
PDF
Cite
Share
Request
Case Report
P: 58-61
March 2024

A Dangerous Relationship: A Case of Imported Plasmodium falciparum and Salmonella Typhi Coinfection

Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2024;48(1):58-61
1. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Balıkesir, Türkiye
2. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Balıkesir, Türkiye
No information available.
No information available
Received Date: 30.03.2023
Accepted Date: 17.02.2024
Publish Date: 05.03.2024
PDF
Cite
Share
Request

ABSTRACT

Malaria is a parasitic disease transmitted by the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes. Although domestic malaria case notification in our country is not seen in World Health Organization records, cases originating from abroad are detected. Travelers to countries where malaria is endemic can become infected with the parasite. In our country, an average of 200-250 cases of malaria originating from abroad are reported every year. Approximately 75% of malaria cases of foreign origin detected in our country are P. falciparum malaria. Malaria and salmonellosis are infections especially seen in developing countries. Although malaria-Salmonella coinfection is rare, early diagnosis and treatment are important in terms of its high mortality rate. Preliminary information and initiation of chemoprophylaxis in travels to regions where the disease is endemic remain important in transmission. In this presentation, a case was examined following a business trip to Africa without any chemoprophylaxis, who applied to a local hospital upon symptoms and was diagnosed with P. falciparum and Salmonella Typhi coinfection but given incomplete treatment. After returning to our country, the patient applying to us with complaints of high fever, chills, nausea, diarrhea and abdominal pain and was discharged with ful recovery.

References

1
World Health Organization. World Malaria Report 2022. https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/reports/world-malaria-report-2022 (Erişim tarihi 01 Mart 2023).
2
Cunnington AJ, de Souza JB, Walther M, Riley EM. Malaria impairs resistance to Salmonella through heme and heme oxygenase-dependent dysfunctional granulocyte mobilization. Nat Med 2011; 18: 120-7.
3
Addiman S, Maimaris W, Thomas H, White G, Lawrence J, Balasegaram S. Public health management of salmonella typhi/paratyphi case and contact screening: Lessons from North London. Public Health 2012; 127: 207-13. 
4
Piyal B, Akdur R, Ocaktan E, Yozgatligil C. An analysis of the prevalence of malaria in Turkey over the last 85 years. Pathog Glob Health 2013; 107: 30-4.
5
Zorbozan O, Pullukçu H, Atalay Şahar E, Karakavuk M, Can H, Tunali V, et al. Mikroskopide atipik görünümlü dış kaynaklı iki sıtma olgusunda hızlı test, serolojik ve moleküler yöntemlerin tanıya katkısının önemi [The importance of the contribution of rapid test, serological and molecular methods in the diagnosis of two imported malaria cases with atypical microscopy]. Mikrobiyol Bul 2017; 51: 396-403. Turkish.
6
Tünger Ö, Çakmak A, Özbilgin A, Tunalı V, Çetin ÇB. Imported Malaria in Turkey: The Importance of Diagnosis and Treatment of Plasmodium falciparum/Plasmodium vivax Mixed Infection. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2018; 42: 164-7.
7
Mıstanoğlu-Özatağ D, Korkmaz P, Gülcan A. Imported Malaria Caused by Plasmodium falciparum: Assessment of Six Cases. FLORA 2020; 25: 256-61.
8
Şahin Sİ, Çabalak M, Bal T, Ocak S, Önlen Y, Çulha G. Hatay ilindeki importe sıtma olgularının retrospektif analizi: 10 yıl içerisinde 75 Olgu. Türkiye Parazitol Derg 2019; 43: 60-4.
9
Beşli Y, Bengur FB, Akyar I, Kurt O. Investigation of Malaria Cases in a Central Laboratory in İstanbul Region for a Period of Fifteen Years. Türkiye Parazitol Derg 2019; 43: 65-9. 
10
Ser Ö. Evaluation of Malaria Cases Detected in Antalya Province between 2012 and 2017. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2020; 44: 1-6. 
11
Keskin BH, Tunca B, İnce N, Elif Öztürk C, Gökçe Ö, Dönmez B. Düzce ilinde son bir yılda görülen yurtdışı kaynaklı dört sıtma olgusu. DÜ Sağlık Bil Enst Derg 2020; 10: 235-40.
12
Kazancıoğlu S, Bodur H. İmporte sıtma vakalarının değerlendirilmesi: Ankara’da bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Deneyimi. Sağlık Bil Değer 2022; 12: 1-5.
13
Sağlık Bakanlığı. Sıtma Vaka Yönetim Rehberi. HSGM. Erişim Tarihi: 01 Ocak 2022. Erişim Adresi: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/zoonotik-vektorel-hastaliklar-db/zoonotik-hastaliklar/4-Sitma/6-Rehbler/Stma_Vaka_Ynetim_Rehberi_2019.pdf. 
14
Zhu L, van der Pluijm RW, Kucharski M, Nayak S, Tripathi J, White NJ, et al. Artemisinin resistance in the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, originates from its initial transcriptional response. Commun Biol 2022; 5: 274.
15
Küpper-Tetzel CP, Idris R, Kessel J, Schüttfort G, Hoehl S, Kohmer N, et al. Coinfections and antimicrobial treatment in a cohort of falciparum malaria in a non-endemic country: a 10-year experience. Infection 2023.
16
Sandlund J, Naucler P, Dashti S, Shokri A, Eriksson S, Hjertqvist M, et al. Bacterial coinfections in travelers with malaria: Rationale for antibiotic therapy. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 51: 15-21.
17
Chilongola J, Kombe S, Horumpende P, Nazareth R, Sabuni E, Ndaro A, et al. Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and Salmonella typhi Infection and Coinfection and Their Association With Fever in Northern Tanzania. East Afr Health Res J 2018; 2: 147-55.
18
Wilairatana P, Mala W, Klangbud WK, Kotepui KU, Rattaprasert P, Kotepui M. Prevalence, probability, and outcomes of typhoidal/non-typhoidal Salmonella and malaria co-infection among febrile patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11: 21889.
19
Sümer S, Ural G, Ural O. Plasmodium falciparum and Salmonella Typhi co-infection: a case report. Mikrobiyol Bul 2014; 48: 174-8.